How To Write A Rpgle Program
RPG IV version 7 release 2/ May 2, 2014 ( 2014-05-02),RPG, RPG II, RPG III, RPG 400, RPG IV, RPG/ILE; RPG/Free, Baby/36, Baby/400, Lattice RPGInfluenced by,InfluencedRPG is a (HLL) for. RPG is an IBM and its later versions are available only on - or -based systems.It has a long history, having been developed by in 1959 as the Report Program Generator — a tool to replicate processing on the — then updated to for the in the late 1960s, and since evolved into an HLL equivalent to and.It remains a popular programming language on the operating system, which runs on hardware.
The current version, RPG IV, a.k.a. ILE RPG, provides a modern programming environment. Contents.Overview An RPG program once typically started off with File Specifications, listing all files being written to, read from or updated, followed by containing program elements such as Data Structures and dimensional arrays, much like a 'Working-Storage' section of a COBOL program. This is followed by Calculation Specifications, which contain the executable instructions. Output Specifications can follow which can be used to determine the layout of other files or reports. Alternatively files, some and reports can be defined externally, mostly eliminating the need to hand code input and output (') specifications.In the early days of RPG, its major strength was known as the program cycle: every RPG program executes within an implied, which can apply the program to every record of a file. At that time each record (individual punched card) would be compared to each line in the program, which would act upon the record, or not, based upon whether that line had an 'indicator' turned 'on' or 'off' — from a set of logical variables numbered 01–99 for user-defined purposes, or other smaller sets based upon record, field, or report processing functions.
The concept of level breaks and matching records is unique to the RPG II language, and was originally developed with card readers in mind.Since the introduction of the in 1979 most RPG programmers discontinued use of the cycle in favor of controlling program flow with standard looping constructs, although IBM has continued to provide backward compatibility for the cycle.History RPG is one of the few languages created for machines which are still in common use today, because it has evolved considerably over time. It was originally developed by in 1959. The name Report Program Generator was descriptive of the purpose of the language: generation of reports from data files, including matching record and sub-total reports.accredits Wilf Hey with work at IBM that resulted in the development of RPG.( Fourteen-o-one Automatic Report Generation Operation) was the predecessor to RPG on the. Both languages were intended to facilitate ease of transition for IBM (Tab) technicians to the then-new computers.Tab machine technicians were accustomed to plugging wires into to implement input, output, control and counter operations (add, subtract, multiply, divide). Tab machines programs were executed by impulses emitted in a machine cycle; hence, FARGO and RPG emulated the notion of the machine cycle with the program cycle. RPG was superior to and rapidly replaced FARGO as the report generator program of choice.The alternative languages generally available at the time were,.
COBOL was a natural language-like business oriented language and FORTRAN was a language that facilitated mathematical applications. Other languages of the era included and and a few years later. Assembler and COBOL were more common in mainframe business operations ( models 30 and above) and RPG more commonly used by customers who were in transition from tabulating equipment (System/360 model 20).Language evolution was introduced with the series of computers. It was later used on, and, with an improved version of the language. RPG II was also available for larger systems, including the mainframe running (then, and ). Also produced a version on its operating system.was created for the and its successor the.
RPG III significantly departed from the original language, providing modern structured constructs like IF-ENDIF blocks, DO loops,. RPG III was also available for larger systems including the mainframe running. It was also available from for the operating system running on the mainframes.or Data Entry RPG was exclusively available on the series of data-entry workstations in the early '80s.
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It was similar to RPG III but lacking external Data Descriptions (DDS) to describe data(files) like on the System/38 and its successors. Instead, the DDS part had to be included into the RPG source itself.was effectively RPG III running on AS/400.
IBM renamed the RPG compiler as 'RPG/400' but at the time of its introduction it was identical to the RPG III compiler on System/38. Virtually all IBM products were rebranded as xxx/400 and the RPG compiler was no exception. RPG III compiled with the RPG/400 compiler offered nothing new to the RPG III language until IBM began development of new operation codes, such as SCAN, CAT and XLATE after several years of AS/400 availability. These enhancements to RPG III were not available in the System/38 version of RPG III.RPG IV RPG IV, a.k.a. RPGLE or ILE RPG, ) was released in 1994 as part of the v3r2 release of. With the release of RPG IV, the RPG name was officially no longer an. RPG IV offered a greater variety of expressions within its Extended Factor-2 Calculation Specification and, later in life, its free-format Calculation Specifications and Procedure syntax.
RPG IV is the only version of RPG supported by IBM in its long line of successors to the AS/400 system (, etc.).In 2001, with the release of V5R1, RPG IV offered greater freedom for calculations than offered by the Extended Factor-2 Calculation Specification: a free-format text-capable source entry, as an alternative to the original column-dependent source format. The '/FREE' calculation did not require the operation code to be placed in a particular column; the operation code is optional for the EVAL and CALLP operations; and syntax generally more closely resembles that of mainstream, general-purpose programming languages. Until November 2013, the free format applied exclusively to the calculation specifications. With the V7R1 TR7 upgrade to the language, the '/free' and '/end-free' calculations are no longer necessary, and the language has finally broken the ties to punched cards.Today, RPG IV is a more robust language. While editing can still be done via SEU, the simple green screen editor (even though syntax checking is not supported for features introduced from IBM i V7R1 onward), a long progression of tools has been developed over time. Some of these have included and Visual Age for RPG, which were developed by IBM. Currently the preferred editing platform is IBM's Websphere Development Studio client, (WDSc) now named RDi (Rational Developer for i), which is a customized implementation of Eclipse.
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Eclipse, and therefore RDi, runs primarily on personal computers and other devices. IBM is continually extending its capabilities and adding more built-in functions (BIFs). It has the ability to link to objects, and; it can be used to write programs with the help of IBM's Web toolkit, the Cozzi, the, and other commercial Web-enabled packages. Even with the changes, it retains a great deal of backward compatibility, so an RPG program written 37 years ago could run today with little or no modification.The SQL precompiler allows current RPG developers to take advantage of IBM's cost-based SQE (SQL Query Engine). With the traditional F-Spec approach a developer had to identify a specific access path to a data set, now they can implement standard embedded SQL statements directly in the program. When compiled, the SQL precompiler transforms SQL statements into RPG statements which call the database manager programs that ultimately implement the query request.In 2006, was renamed i5/OS to correspond with the new branding initiative; the 5 was later dropped in favor of just System i. In March 2008 i5/OS was renamed IBM i as part of the consolidation of System i and System p product lines.
The new Power Systems also adopt more mainstream version numbers, substituting 6.1 for the twenty-year-old V1R1M0 notation. The latest release is now referred to as IBM i 7.3 and fully supports the RPG IV language, as well as many others.The RPG IV language is based on the character set, but also supports UTF-8, UTF-16 and many other character sets. The threadsafe aspects of the language are considered idiosyncratic by some as the compiler team has addressed threads by giving each thread its own static storage, rather than make the RPG run-time environment re-entrant. This has been noted to muddle the distinction between a thread and a process (making RPG IV threads a kind of hybrid between threads and processes).RPG Open Access. This section contains content that is written like. Please help by removing and inappropriate, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a.
( October 2019) RPG Edition was launched in 2010 with the full name of Rational Open Access.Upon its launch, IBM i chief architect Steve Will described it as an 'enhancement that's really an architectural change that opens RPG up to whole new uses, and it’s being brought to the community by IBM i, our friends in IBM Rational, and several ISVs who’ve been working with IBM to hit the ground running. The idea behind the new capability is to remove the necessity for all output from RPG programs to be forced into the limited 5250 data stream. Instead, it can be passed to handlers, which can transform it in any way the handler wants. Wrap it in XML; put it in the format required by a pervasive device; make a Web page that doesn’t look like a 5250 screen; whatever you want.' While many companies were skeptical about the usefulness of Open Access, it gained immediate acceptance from some others, including Profound Logic corporation, which rapidly incorporated it into their products aimed at opening the i, and hired, a product developer well known for creating open-source tools to access the technology. Data types RPG supports the following data types.Note:The character in the data type column is the character that is encoded on the Definition Specification in the column designated for data type.
To compare, in a language like C where definitions of variables are free-format and would use a keyword such as int to declare an integer variable, in RPG, a variable is defined with a fixed-format Definition Specification. In the Definition Specification, denoted by a letter D in column 6 of a source line, the data type character would be encoded in column 40.
Retrieved 26 March 2019., IBM 1401 Data Processing System / 1959. but it says 1965, rather than the 1959 mentioned here., IBM.com., ibmsystemsmag.com.; Gantner, Susan. IBM Systems Magazine. Retrieved 8 March 2014.
(PDF). Retrieved 6 August 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2019. Ibmsystemsmag.blogs.com (2010-04-13). Retrieved on 2013-08-10. Smith, Chris (16 May 2012).
Retrieved 12 April 2016. 16 July 2012.
Retrieved 12 April 2016.Further reading. History of Programming Languages (HOPL), Murdoch University, AU. History of Programming Languages (HOPL), Murdoch University, AU. 2006.
DuCharme, Bob (2006-02-26). Cozzi, Robert (1996).
Shelly, Gary B.; Thomas J. Cashman (1977). Introduction to Computer Programming RPG. Fullerton, California: Anaheim Publishing Company.External links. Smith, Brian R.; Martin Barbeau; Susan Gantner; Jon Paris; Zdravko Vincetic; Vladimir Zupka (April 25, 2000).
IBM International Technical Support Organization. Retrieved 2012-02-18. 'This redbook is focused on RPG IV as a modern, thriving, and rich application development language for the 21st century.' . — A large number of code examples are available here.
— An extensive resource of articles giving examples of RPG code and related programming. — Free (open source) resources for RPG IV and IBM i application development.
IBM (1964). C24-3261-1. IBM (2016). SC09-2507-10. — Status of the IBM RPG II product in z/OS.
— Online RPG I compiler for small experiments and tinkering.
It seems like I remember writing an RPG program that used embedded SQL that wrote a message to the interactive user job log whenever a SQL warning or error occurred. I did not have to explicitly write it; it logged it by default.The program i am writing now is not doing this logging although I know I can cause warnings like 01003 and errors like 02000 and read them with the SQLState variable.I don't think I imagined this behavior.
Is there a H spec keyword that I forgot to set, the way I am calling the program (using CALL interactive), the way I wrote the SELECT INTO statement (static as opposed to dynamic)? I am at a loss for other ideas. Sounds like the program is being run in a job with logging off.DSPJOB - 2. Display job definition attributesProvides the most logging. Message logging:Level.: 4Severity.: 0Text.:.SECLVLLog CL program commands.:.YESJob log output.:.JOBENDprovides basically no logging.
Message logging:Level.: 0Severity.: 99Text.:.NOLISTLog CL program commands.:.NOJob log output.:.JOBEND.
